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| Chandra Shekhar Azad |
Chandrashekhar Azad was born on July 23, 1906 in Babra village (now Chandrashekhar Azadnagar) . His ancestors came from Badruka (now Annao district). Azad's father Pandit Sitaram Tiwari had left his ancestral home Badruka in 1956 for a few days in Samvat before settling in Babra village to work in the Alirajpur princely state of Madhya Pradesh. The childhood of Chandrashekhar's son was spent here. His mother's name was Jagrani Devi. Azad's childhood was spent in Barbera village, which is in a nomadic region, so he would often shoot bow and arrow with Bill's children.
Chandrasekhar was born in a strict Brahmin family. His father was pious, pious, firm in faith and not a learned man. He was very respectful and friendly. After spending his days in extreme poverty, Chandrasekhar was unable to receive a proper education, instead learning to read and write from Manoharlal Trivedi, a village elder, and receiving free tuition at home.
Chandrasekhar had a deep longing for independence from Mother India since childhood. For this reason, he kept his name Azad. An incident in his life set him on the path of everlasting revolution. The mass movement that started on April 13, 1919 against the massacre of General Dyer at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar and against the Rowlatt Act was gaining momentum day by day.
Azad was a wonderful patriot. After surviving the Kakuryū scandal, he learned to be very good at disguises, which he used many times. Arriving in Kajpur, he was a disciple of a dying monk and was raising money for a party so that the monastic property would be preserved after his death. However, after going there and realizing that the monks had no intention of dying upon entering, they returned and became more and more stubborn.
Education:
Chandrasekhar's early education started at home. He had no special interest in studies. A close friend of his father, Reverend Manohar Lal Trivedi Jai, was in charge of his investigation. He appointed himself and his brother (Shukdev) as teachers and also used the stick when he was at fault. Chandrasekhar's parents wanted him to become a Sanskrit scholar, but by the time he reached the fourth grade, he considered running away. They were just looking for ways to run away from home.
At the same time Mr. Manoharlal gives him a job as a servant in Tesil to distract him from here and there, which also helps his family financially. But Shekhar did not like it. They kept thinking how to leave this job. A spark of patriotism lit up within him. Here the spark slowly turned into fire and they kept running away from home. He took a day off and left home.
Revolutionary Life:
In 1922, when Gandhiji expelled Chandrashekhar from the non-cooperation movement, Azad was further enraged. He then met a young revolutionary, Pranvesh Chatterjee, who introduced him to Ram Prasad Bismil, who founded the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), a revolutionary organization.
When Azad put his hand on the lamp and removed it only when his skin got burnt, Bismil was very impressed to see Azad. After that, Chandrashekhar Azad became an active member of the Republican Association of Hindustan and continued to raise funds for his association. He collected most of the donations by looting government safes. He wanted to build a new India based on social elements.
Azad made Jhansi the center of his revolutionary activities for a time. Used for shooting in the forests of Orchha, 15 km from Jhansi. He also taught shooting to other members of his team. He also built a hut near the Hanuman temple on the banks of the Satar river. There Azad lived in the company of Pandit Harishankar Brahmachari for a long time and taught the children of the neighboring village Dhimarpura. As a result, he developed good relations with the local people. Later the government of Madhya Pradesh renamed this village as Azadpura after Azad.
The Hindustan Republican Association was founded in 1924 by Besmil, Chatterjee, Chin Chandra Sanyar and Sachindra Nath Bakshi. After the Kakuri incident of 1925, in which Ramprasad Bismir, Ashfaqullah Khan, Thakur Roshan Singh and Rajendranath Lahiri were sentenced to death, the British curtailed their revolutionary activities. Chandra Shekhar Azad, Keshav Chakravati and Murli Sharma survived the scam.
Chandrashekhar Azad later formed the Republican Association of India with the help of some revolutionaries and in 1928 the Republican Association of India became the Socialist Republican Party of India with the help of Bhagat Singh, Rajgol and Sukhdev. He was a close associate of Bhagwati Charan Vehra. What has become of the stage? Their main goal now was to achieve independence on the basis of socialist principles.
After Chandrashekhar Azad's non-cooperation movement was stopped, he was drawn towards more aggressive and revolutionary ideals. He was determined to achieve the country's independence at all costs. Chandrashekhar Azad and his associates targeted British officials known for their repressive policies towards common people and freedom fighters.
Chandrashekhar Azad was implicated in incidents such as the Kakori train robbery (1926), the attempted bombing of the Viceroy's train (1926), and the shooting of Saunders in Lahore (1928) in retaliation for the death of Lala Lajpat Rai. It was a cold December night and Chandrashekhar Azad was not allowed to sleep as the police thought the boy was scared of the cold and apologized, but it was not so.
To see how the boy was doing, and perhaps he was feeling cold, the Inspector broke open the lock of Chandrasekhar's cell in the middle of the night and was surprised that Chandrasekhar carried out his sentence even in the bitter cold. He was bathed in sweat. The next day, Chandrashekhar Azad appeared before a judge. At that time a very strict judge was appointed in Banaras.
The police took 15-year-old Chandrashekhar to the same English judge. The judge asked the boy: "What is your name?" The boy fearlessly replied, "Azad." - father's name? the judge asked sternly. Raising his neck, the boy immediately replied: "Independent." Seeing the arrogance of the young man, the judge was enraged. He asked again :- "Where is your house?" Chandrasekhar proudly replied, "The jail cell." An angry judge sentenced Chandrashekhar to 15 lashes.
Death :
Azad died on 27 February 1931 at Alfred Park in Allahabad. The British police, informed by experts, surrounded Azad and his associates from all sides. During self-defense, he seriously wounded and killed several police officers.
Chandrashekhar bravely resisted the British forces, which helped Sukhdev Raj to escape as well. After a protracted shootout, Azad finally tried to escape from the British captors and shot himself with the last bullet remaining from his pistol. We can still see Chandrashekhar Azad pistol in Allahabad Museum.
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