Shivaram Rajguru, commonly known as Rajguru, was one of the great revolutionaries of India's freedom struggle. He agreed to be hanged for the freedom of the country, but he never enslaved the British.
Rajguru was associated with the Hindustan Socialist Republican Organization founded by Chandrashekhar Azad. Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev had killed a British officer named John Saunders, after which Rajguru was hanged along with Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev on 23 March 1931 by the British government.
Rajguru was born on 24 August 1908 in Khed tehsil of Ratnagiri district in present-day Maharashtra. His father's name was Harinarayan Rajguru and mother's name was Parvati Devi. His family was a Marathi Deshastha Brahmin family. When Rajguru was only 6 years old, his father died.
After his father's death, all the household chores went to Dinkar, Rajgur's elder brother. Although Rajguru was young, he had the opportunity to pursue higher education. He received his primary education in Khede and went to Pune's New English High School for graduation.
Revolutionary Life:
Chandrashekhar Azad has revived the organization of the Republican Party of India. Re-establishing this organization, he named it Republican Socialist Organization of India. This organization was a revolutionary organization in which revolutionaries participated and carried out revolutionary activities against England.
Several other revolutionaries including Sukhdev, Bhagat Singh and Rajgur were involved in the organization of the Republican Socialist Party of India.
In a revolutionary incident, Sukhdev, Bhagat Singh and Rajgur killed British officer John Saunders. This incident happened on December 17, 1928 in Lahore.
The trio killed the British officer as they wanted to avenge the death of Lala Lajpat Rai. Lala Lajpat Rai was seriously injured by the police during the protest against the Simon Commission, which led to his death.
Death of Rajguru:
The British government sentenced Shivaram Rajguru, Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev to death for the murder of John Saunders. According to the verdict, these three revolutionaries were to be hanged on March 24, 1931.
However, fearing a popular uprising, the British government transferred Rajguru along with Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev to Lahore jail on March 23, 1931, a day before the date of the actual execution.
The last rites of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were performed on the banks of the Sutlej River at Hussainwala village in Ferozepur district of Punjab.
As soon as the news of the death of the three brave revolutionaries spread in the press and news, the youth vented their anger against the British government. According to reports, Mahatma Gandhi was also held responsible for this massacre.
Martyrs Day:
A memorial was built after the last works of Shivram Rajguru, Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev at Hussainwala village in Firozpur district of Punjab. National Martyrs' Day is observed every year on 23 March in honor of Rajgur, Bhagat Singh and Sukhdev.
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